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In problem-based learning, problems are given to a team of students; students then become responsible for defining the problem, finding out what they do know already and recognising what other information they need to solve the problem. All this is done under the guidance of a facilitator (teacher) and within a given framework.

The PBL Process
 
2009 - 4 Care, Maha Bodhi School
           
Research Problems (introduced in March) Participants   Participants' Work
 
Energy (Heat)
Anthony

Anthony’s teacher gets him to grab a piece of metal rod with his right hand and a piece of wooden rod with his left. Using his sense of touch, he feels that one of the rods is ‘colder’ than the other rod.

       
 
Donny

Donny filled a plastic container with water to the brim, capped it and placed it in the freezer overnight. When he opened the freezer the next day, he was shocked by what he saw.

       
 
Eunice

Eunice accidentally stepped on her ping pong ball and decided to dispose it since it could no longer be used. What advice would you offer to Eunice?

       
 
Ivan

Ivan always sees gaps along large structures like bridges and railway tracks. One day, he met his friend who is a professor in engineering. How would the professor explain to Ivan?

       
 
Lenny

Lenny spent his vacation in the USA. One of his most memorable experiences was the hot-air balloon ride at the Grand Canyon. However, he was puzzled by the fact that every hot-air balloon needs to have a burner.

       
 
Lens

Lens dips his right hand into a pail of hot water and his left hand into a pail of cold water for 2 minutes. Then, he dips both hands into a pail of water at room temperature. Explain the outcome of his investigation.

       
 
Michelle

Michelle poured 50 ml of boiling water into a cup and 500 ml of boiling water into another cup. She left them in her room. When she returned 10 minutes later and took the temperature of the water, she realised that the water in one of the cups was no longer as hot as the water in the other cup. In your explanation, include the conclusion that she can draw from this experiment.

       
 
Hillary

Hillary, a novice mountaineer, went on a Mount Everest hiking expedition with her friends accompanied by a guide. A few days into the ascent, Hillary’s fingers started to feel numb and breathing became quick as well as shallow. She also started to shiver.

       
 
 
Energy (Light)
Jess

Jess has to put up a shadow puppet show about a mahout and his elephant for her class. She gets her friend to prepare the paper cut-outs of the main characters. However, on the day of the performance, Jess realises that the elephant cut-out and the mahout are about the same size. She is vexed as the performance is just a few minutes away which means she will not have enough time to do the paper cut-outs again.

       
 
Trista

Trista wants to know how the length of her shadow changes at different times of the day. She stood in the sun at 8 am, 12 pm and 4 pm on the same day and recorded the length of her shadow accordingly.

       
 
Henry

Henry asked his teacher, “When I switched off the lights last night, I could not see the things around me. However, after a while, I could see them although I did not switch on the lights. Would I still be able to see the things around me at night if I am in a room with no windows and I did not switch on the lights?”

       
 
Fiona

Fiona is a manager of a company. She does not like the idea of her subordinates looking into her office whenever they walk past it. So, she decides to install a one-way mirror in her office. After the installation, Fiona is very satisfied as she can look at what her subordinates are doing while they cannot see what she is doing in her office. Everything goes well until one day when she was walking past her own office, she was taken aback when she realised she could see everything in her office from the outside.

       
 
David

David gazes into the sky and is surprised to see a solar eclipse. He asks his dad, “Why is there a solar eclipse?”

       
 
Zen

Zen studies food packaging and is involved in designing the packaging for the new flavoured fried potato chips that his friends had developed. He thought that since there isn’t any transparent packaging for similar products in the market, he could be the first one to make it!

       
 
Felix

Felix remembered that when he was watching animal documentaries ten years ago, the camera crew would always employ a large light source to shine on the lions foraging at night. However, nowadays, they no longer have to do that.

       
 
 
Interactions (Magnets)
Phyllis

Phyllis wanted to find out if objects E, F, G and H are magnets. She placed each object near another magnet. She recorded her observations in the table as shown below. (see attached)

She concluded that Objects F, G, H are magnets.

       
 
Angela

Angela and her group is tasked to do an experiment to investigate the strength of attraction on the different parts of a bar magnet using iron nails. The magnet is labeled into A, B and C. Her group is to bring the magnet near the iron nails and record their observations on the number of iron nails attracted to the different parts of the magnet. (see attached)

The next day, Angela presented these findings to her teacher. (see attached)

Angela’s teacher commented, “Your group did not do the experiment.” Angela and her members were puzzled how the teacher knew it.

       
 
 
Cycles (Plants)
Alice

Before Alice went for her holidays in Malaysia, she bought a few seeds from a shop and planted them in two pots. She placed one pot at one corner of her room and the other pot on her table. Alice reminded her mother to take care of them. When Alice returned from her vacation a week later, she found that only the seeds in one of the pots germinated.

       
 
 
Cycles (Matter)
Artemitis

Artemitis lived in the sixteenth century and aspired to be a brilliant scientist. One day, he accidentally dropped an iron ball into his bowl of soup and realised the soup level in the bowl increased. He was extremely baffled. Immediately, he dropped a bigger iron ball into the soup and was even more baffled at his observation this time round.

       
 
Johnson

Johnson has always been taught by his teacher that a solid has a definite shape and volume. It also cannot be compressed. However, he was confused when he managed to squeeze a sponge into a small box and mould a plasticine to whatever shape he wants.

       
 
Anderson

Anderson has an air-tight metal container (shown below) with some water and air in it. With each stroke of the air pump, 50 cm³ of air is pumped into the container. His friend challenges him to increase the volume to air in the container to become 180 cm³. Anderson simply pushes the pump twice and concludes that the volume of air in the container is 180 cm³.

       
 
Albert

Albert packed some sand to the 80 cm³ of a measuring cylinder. He was given 80 cm³ of water. Without pouring the water into the cylinder, he concluded that the water level would be at the 160cm³ mark.

       
 
Toni

Toni was watching a documentary on glass and plastic moulding. He was perplexed as he was taught in school that a solid has definite shape. He looked around his room and wondered how did the metal blade of a fan, metal casing of his DVD player, food and drink cans come about since they have different shapes.

       
 
2008 - 4 Generosity, Maha Bodhi School
           
Research Problems (introduced in October) Participants   Participants' Work
 
Jolene

Jolene is an 11-year-old girl. She notices that she has been losing her temper more often and her body is developing and changing. Also, she has been thinking about a boy in her class every day and night.

  CHRYSTAL NG WAN QI    
LEE JIA LUO
PHUA HAN RONG JACOV
SEE YUE TING TAMMY
 
Eric

Eric is a 7-year-old boy. In his class, there are two pair of twins. He realises that Jack and Sue do not look alike at all while Jane and Janice look exactly the same.

  CHUA WEI SHAN    
LAU SHINN YI
LEE JIA LUO
SEE YUE TING TAMMY
TOON ZHU WEI, JOELLE
 
Cheryl

Cheryl constructed a few electric circuits. She realised some bulbs did not shine as bright as others in some circuits.

  CHLOE YEW QINGYU    
FONG YAN RONG
RACHEL TAN YUN ER
SEE YUE TING TAMMY
TYRICK SEE JIAN HAO
 
Jason

Jason was playing basketball with his friends. His team mate passed the ball to him. However, he could not get hold of the ball and could only watch the ball bounce its way to a stop.

  ALEXANDRA CHEUNG YING LI    
JOHN CHIA TECK HOW  
KELVIN KYAW LIN  
KHO JIA LE, KEANU  
LIN YUEYANG  
MITCHELL TAN XIANG FENG  
SEE YUE TING TAMMY  
TOON ZHU WEI, JOELLE  
YAK JIA HAO KENNETH
 
Samuel

Samuel places two plates on a table in his garden. He then pours the same volume of water into each plate. Three days later, he realises the water in one of the plates has evaporated while there is still a lot of water in the other plate.

  KHO JIA LE, KEANU    
SEE YUE TING TAMMY
 
 
 
 
Eliza

Eliza switches off the TV as a documentary on deserts is about to be shown. Her sister is annoyed and asked for her reasons.

Eliza replied, “Since there is no life in deserts, what is there to see?”

  ALEXANDRA CHEUNG YING LI    
CHUA WEI SHAN  
JONATHAN LIEW WEI HAO  
LAU SHINN YI  
MITCHELL TAN XIANG FENG  
NG JUN WEI  
PHUA HAN RONG JACOV  
RACHEL GOH SI YING  
SEE YUE TING TAMMY
TAN CHONG HONG MELVIN
TAN DING YANG
TYRICK SEE JIAN HAO
 
Timothy

Timothy always wants to know more about the universe. One day, he asked his professor how loud was the Big Bang. To his astonishment, his professor answered, “No. It took place in total silence!”

  DYLLIS LEE SHEE RUI    
HENG YUN QING, DESIREE  
HUI YUAN TONG KESTER  
JONATHAN LIEW WEI HAO  
LAI JUN TING  
LEE JIA LUO  
LEE MIN QI  
LIM SI YING YNEZ
LIN YUEYANG
LOW KAI SHENG, BRYAN
SEE YUE TING TAMMY
TANG YONG LER
TYRICK SEE JIAN HAO
           

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